مجله ماشین بینایی و پردازش تصویر

مجله ماشین بینایی و پردازش تصویر

مروری بر روش‌های نوین پردازش تصاویر دندان‌ با رویکرد تشخیص، شماره‌گذاری، بخش‌بندی دندان و دسته‌بندی بیماری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی نرم افزار، دانشکده برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشکده برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هوش مصنوعی در زمینه تفسیر تصاویر استخراج شده از سیستم‌های تصویربرداری اشعه ایکس پیشرفت چشم‌گیری داشته است. در زمینه تصاویر دندان‌پزشکی نیز تکنیک‌های مختلف بینایی ماشین و یادگیری عمیق به عنوان جایگزین فرآیند دستی تفسیر تصویر که در عین وقت‌گیربودن مستعد خطا است، معرفی شده‌اند. تشخیص، شماره‌گذاری و بخش‌بندی دندان و حتی دسته‌بندی بیماری‌های دندان با استفاده از رویکرد‌های یادگیری عمیق پیشرفت چشم‌گیری داشته‌اند. هدف این پژوهش تحلیل و مقایسه تکنیک‌های سنتی و مبتنی بر یادگیری عمیق تفسیر یا بهبود تصاویر دندان پزشکی به تفکیک عملکرد است. روش‌شناسی این مطالعه شامل مروری جامع بر پژوهش‌های انجام شده از سه دیدگاه اصلی بهبود کیفیت تصویر، شناسایی دندان و شناسایی بیماری است. در بخش بهبود کیفیت تصویر، تکنیک‌های پیش‌پردازش و در بخش شناسایی دندان، فرآیندهای تشخیص، دسته‌بندی و بخش‌بندی دندان‌ها با تأکید بر اهمیت تعیین نام و نوع دندان در گزارشات پزشکی تحلیل شده است. همچنین، در بخش شناسایی بیماری، چالش‌های مربوط به گستردگی طیف بیماری‌های دندان و ضریب خطای مدل‌ها بررسی شده است. نتایج این بررسی نشان می‌دهد که چالش‌هایی نظیر دسترسی محدود به داده‌ها، عدم تعادل در دسته‌ها و تفسیرهای متفاوت متخصصین، تأثیر قابل توجهی بر عملکرد مدل‌ها دارند. در نهایت، این پژوهش به روشن‌تر شدن وضعیت فعلی و آینده تحقیقات در این حوزه کمک می‌کند و تکنیک‌هایی برای مقابله با چالش‌ها و راه‌های تحقیقاتی آتی شناسایی شده‌اند. به طور خاص، این پژوهش به بررسی امکان استفاده از سیستم‌های هوشمند در تسریع فرآیند گزارش‌نویسی و بهبود دقت تشخیص بیماری‌های دندان به عنوان ابزاری مکمل برای پزشکان می‌پردازد.
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